Art movements and artist groups
(Roughly chronological with representative artists listed.)
Roots of modern art
19th century
- Romanticism the Romantic movement - Francisco de Goya, J. M. W. Turner, Eugène Delacroix
- Realism - Gustave Courbet, Camille Corot, Jean-François Millet
- Impressionism - Edgar Degas, Édouard Manet, Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley
- Post-impressionism - Georges Seurat, Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri Rousseau
- Symbolism - Gustave Moreau, Odilon Redon, James Ensor
- Les Nabis - Pierre Bonnard, Edouard Vuillard, Félix Vallotton
- pre-Modernist Sculptors - Aristide Maillol, Auguste Rodin
Early 20th century (before World War I)
- Art Nouveau & variants - Jugendstil, Modern Style, Modernisme - Aubrey Beardsley, Alphonse Mucha, Gustav Klimt,
- Art Nouveau Architecture & Design - Antoni Gaudí, Otto Wagner, Wiener Werkstätte, Josef Hoffmann, Adolf Loos, Koloman Moser
- Cubism - Georges Braque, Pablo Picasso
- Fauvism - André Derain, Henri Matisse, Maurice de Vlaminck
- Expressionism - Egon Schiele, Oskar Kokoschka, Edvard Munch, Emil Nolde
- Futurism - Giacomo Balla, Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carrà
- Die Brücke - Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
- Der Blaue Reiter - Wassily Kandinsky, Franz Marc
- Orphism - Robert Delaunay, Sonia Delaunay, Jacques Villon
- Photography - Pictorialism, Straight photography
- Post-Impressionism - Emily Carr
- Pre-Surrealism - Giorgio de Chirico, Marc Chagall
- Russian avant-garde - Kasimir Malevich, Natalia Goncharova, Mikhail Larionov
- Sculpture - Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Constantin Brâncuşi
- Synchromism - Stanton MacDonald-Wright, Morgan Russell
- Vorticism - Wyndham Lewis
World War I to World War II
- Dada - Jean Arp, Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst, Francis Picabia, Kurt Schwitters
- Synthetic Cubism - Georges Braque, Juan Gris, Fernand Léger, Pablo Picasso
- Pittura Metafisica - Giorgio de Chirico, Carlo Carrà, Giorgio Morandi
- De Stijl - Theo van Doesburg, Piet Mondrian
- Expressionism - Egon Schiele, Amedeo Modigliani, Chaim Soutine
- New Objectivity - Max Beckmann, Otto Dix, George Grosz
- Figurative painting - Henri Matisse, Pierre Bonnard
- American Modernism - Stuart Davis, Arthur G. Dove, Marsden Hartley, Georgia O'Keeffe
- Constructivism - Naum Gabo, Gustav Klutsis, László Moholy-Nagy, El Lissitzky, Kasimir Malevich, Vadim Meller, Alexander Rodchenko, Vladimir Tatlin
- Surrealism - Jean Arp, Salvador Dalí, Max Ernst, René Magritte, André Masson, Joan Miró, Marc Chagall
- Bauhaus - Wassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Josef Albers
- Sculpture - Alexander Calder, Alberto Giacometti, Gaston Lachaise, Henry Moore, Pablo Picasso, Julio Gonzalez
- Scottish Colourists - Francis Cadell, Samuel Peploe, Leslie Hunter, John Duncan Fergusson
- Suprematism - Kazimir Malevich, Aleksandra Ekster, Olga Rozanova, Nadezhda Udaltsova, Ivan Kliun, Lyubov Popova, Nikolai Suetin, Nina Genke-Meller, Ivan Puni, Ksenia Boguslavskaya
After World War II
- Figuratifs - Bernard Buffet, Jean Carzou, Maurice Boitel, Daniel du Janerand, Claude-Max Lochu
- Sculpture - Henry Moore, David Smith, Tony Smith, Alexander Calder, Isamu Noguchi,[19] Alberto Giacometti, Sir Anthony Caro, Jean Dubuffet, Isaac Witkin, René Iché, Marino Marini,Louise Nevelson
- Abstract expressionism - Willem de Kooning, Jackson Pollock, Hans Hofmann, Franz Kline, Robert Motherwell, Clyfford Still, Lee Krasner
- American Abstract Artists - Lee Krasner, Ibram Lassaw, Ad Reinhardt, Josef Albers, Burgoyne Diller
- Art Brut - Adolf Wölfli, August Natterer, Ferdinand Cheval, Madge Gill, Paul Salvator Goldengreen
- Arte Povera - Jannis Kounellis, Luciano Fabro, Mario Merz, Piero Manzoni, Alighiero Boetti
- Color field painting - Barnett Newman, Mark Rothko, Sam Francis, Morris Louis, Helen Frankenthaler
- Tachisme - Jean Dubuffet, Pierre Soulages, Hans Hartung, Ludwig Merwart
- COBRA - Pierre Alechinsky, Karel Appel, Asger Jorn
- Neo-Dada - Robert Rauschenberg, Jasper Johns, John Chamberlain, Joseph Beuys, Edward Kienholz
- Fluxus - George Maciunas, Allan Kaprow, Nam June Paik, Yoko Ono, Dick Higgins
- Dau-al-Set - founded in Barcelona by poet/artist Joan Brossa, - Antoni Tàpies
- Grupo El Paso - founded in Madrid by artists Antonio Saura, Pablo Serrano
- Geometric abstraction - Wassily Kandinsky, Kazimir Malevich, Nadir Afonso, Manlio Rho, Mario Radice, Mino Argento
- Hard-edge painting - John McLaughlin, Ellsworth Kelly, Frank Stella, Al Held, Ronald Davis
- Kinetic art - George Rickey, Getulio Alviani
- Land art - Christo, Richard Long, Robert Smithson, Michael Heizer
- Les Automatistes - Claude Gauvreau, Jean-Paul Riopelle, Pierre Gauvreau, Fernand Leduc, Jean-Paul Mousseau, Marcelle Ferron
- Minimal art - Sol LeWitt, Donald Judd, Dan Flavin, Richard Serra, Agnes Martin
- Postminimalism - Eva Hesse, Bruce Nauman, Lynda Benglis
- Lyrical abstraction - Ronnie Landfield, Sam Gilliam, Larry Zox, Dan Christensen
- Neo-figurative art - Fernando Botero, Antonio Berni
- Neo-expressionism - Georg Baselitz, Anselm Kiefer, Jörg Immendorff, Jean-Michel Basquiat
- Transavanguardia - Francesco Clemente, Mimmo Paladino, Sandro Chia, Enzo Cucchi
- Figuration libre - Hervé Di Rosa, François Boisrond, Robert Combas
- New realism - Yves Klein, Pierre Restany, Arman
- Op art - Victor Vasarely, Bridget Riley, Richard Anuszkiewicz
- Outsider art - Howard Finster, Grandma Moses, Bob Justin
- Photorealism - Audrey Flack, Chuck Close, Duane Hanson, Richard Estes, Malcolm Morley
- Pop art - Richard Hamilton, Robert Indiana, Jasper Johns, Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Rauschenberg, Andy Warhol, Ed Ruscha, David Hockney
- Postwar European figurative painting - Lucian Freud, Francis Bacon, Frank Auerbach
- Shaped canvas - Lee Bontecou, Frank Stella, Kenneth Noland, Ron Davis, Robert Mangold.
- Soviet art - Alexander Deineka, Alexander Gerasimov, Ilya Kabakov, Komar & Melamid, Alexandr Zhdanov, Leonid Sokov
- Spatialism - Lucio Fontana
- Visionary art - Ernst Fuchs, Paul Laffoley, Michael Bowen
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